西藏民族大学学报（社会科学版）

有清一代,出于安抚蒙藏各部的需要,清朝政府对西藏的管理极为重视。虽然延续了元明 以来“群分而众建之”的治藏政策,但在具体的实施过程中,进行了很多的尝试,最后确立了由达赖喇嘛 执掌政教大权的政教合一制度。西藏的摄政制度也由此派生出来,而成为政教合一制度最重要的组成部 分。有资格出任摄政的四大林活佛之一的策墨林活佛系统,在西藏历史上曾经产生过十分重要的影响, 它的一世、二世、三世均出任过西藏摄政和甘丹赤巴,并兼任八世和十世达赖喇嘛经师,为密切中央政府 和西藏之间的联系、保持西藏政局稳定和抵抗外敌入侵方面做出了巨大的贡献。本文试图对该活佛系统 的传承加以介绍,并透过这一活佛系统对清代中晚期的西藏摄政制度做一些分析。

In the Qing Dynasty, the government took the Tibet's administration seriously. After some failures to govern the Tibet, the Qing Dynasty government established the theocracy system that Dalai lama had the power of religion and irreligion in the Tibet. The regent system was built on it, and became the most important constituent of the theocracy system. Cemoinling living Buddha had the qualifications of taking the post of the regent and once brought the important function in the Tibet history. This article tries to introduce the living Buddha and make some analyses of Tibet regent system in middle and later period in Qing Dynasty.